Operators, generally drilling joint ventures, may be held liable for death or injury, property damage, environmental impairment and financial losses in the event of an accidental occurrence. Currently, there is no separate cover for drilling operations, which are insured under the individual liability policies of the companies concerned. As a rule, covers are available subject to a limit of US$ 1–1.5bn on the international insurance market. With Munich Re’s new concept, each individual drilling operation will be covered by a policy specifically developed for that risk. As a result, it should be possible to increase liability limits to US$ 10–20bn per drilling operation. Munich Re would be prepared to offer coverage capacity in the order of US$ 2bn.
Munich Re Board member Torsten Jeworrek is convinced there will be demand for this type of cover. “If coverages are available, companies will buy them because inability to pay high compensation claims can lead to insolvency, and mere speculation about such an eventuality can hit their share price.” Substantial capacity can be offered only if a very large number of drilling operations are insured, since it will not be possible to provide the necessary capacity at affordable prices unless sufficient wells are insured. This could be achieved either through a voluntary commitment on the part of the oil companies or by introducing some form of compulsory insurance in the licensing procedure.
Based on the US Oil Pollution Act, cover would largely relate to clean-up and removal costs, impairment of natural resources and property damage, as well as loss of earnings in sectors such as fishing or tourism.
Munich Re considers the tightening of safety standards crucial to the concept. To ensure such standards were met, companies independent of the operators and possessing the requisite expertise, specialist engineering consultants for instance, would have to monitor and oversee the risk management from the start of a project to its completion. More stringent risk management standards of this type ought to be an integral part of the procedure for granting drilling licences. The sum total of these factors should help considerably to reduce the number of accidents in the future.
With the increasing scarcity of fossil fuels and growing demand for energy, exploratory drilling is now worthwhile deep below the earth’s surface, and often far below sea level. Drilling is therefore becoming more complex and, increasingly, remedying the damage is not something that can be done quickly. Although the drilling technology is already highly advanced, and most oil-producing countries have very strict safety regulations, there is still potential for catastrophes that can threaten a company’s existence. Jeworrek: “We have to ensure that claims are met and the environment restored to its original state as far as possible. Our concept creates an additional safety net.”
In its current form, the new concept is designed to cover drilling operations in the USA, drilling start-ups averaging 300 a year in the Gulf of Mexico alone in recent years. However, suitably adapted, it could also be used elsewhere.
Torsten Jeworrek: “We stand by our commitment to the development of renewable energy. In the meantime, better risk management and financial protection are needed in the field of fossil fuel generation.”